Source data for the Viral hepatitis elimination barometer among people who inject drugs in Europe
List of tables
- Table 1. Estimated number of people who inject drugs and prevalence of injecting drug use by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 2. Sero-prelance studies. Prevalence of HCV antibodies among people who inject drugs, by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 3. Routine diagnostic tests. Prevalence of HCV antibodies among people who inject drugs, by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 4. Prevalence (%) of active HCV infection (HCV RNA+) among people who inject drugs, by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 5. Sero-prevalence studies: Prevalence (%) of active HBV infection (HBsAg+) among PWID, by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 6. Routine diagnostic testing studies: Prevalence (%) of active HBV infection (HBsAg+) among PWID, by country, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 7. Countries with viral hepatitis policy inclusive of people who inject drugs, 2021
- Table 8. Needle and syringe distribution and opioid agonist treatment coverage in relation to WHO 2020 targets, 2021 or latest available estimate
- Table 9. Proportion of high-risk opioid users in opioid agonist treatment (OAT), European countries, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 10. Number of syringes distributed per year per PWID, European countries, 2021 or latest available data
- Table 11. Existence of a vaccination programme that provides access to HBV vaccination to people in prisons in 2021
- Table 12. Percentage of people entering drug treatment reporting injecting drugs who had an HCV test in the previous 12 months, 2021 or latest data available
- Table 13. Countries with restrictive clinical or reimbursement guidelines for Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) access for people who use drugs, 20231
- Table 14. Trends in HCV antibody prevalence (%) among people who inject drugs aged less than 25 years: results from diagnostic tests and seroprevalence studies with national or multi-city coverage, 2014-2021
- Table 15.Trends in HCV antibody prevalence (%) among people who inject drugs, injecting for less than 2 years: results from diagnostic tests and seroprevalence studies with national or multi-city coverage, 2014-2021
- Table 16. Trends in HCV RNA prevalence (%) among people who inject drugs: results from diagnostic tests and seroprevalence studies with national or multi-city coverage, 2014-2021
- Table 17. Overview of hepatitis elimination situation by country
Country | Central Estimate | Central Rate | High Estimate | High Rate | Low Estimate | Low Rate | Method | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FR | 106857 | 2.7 | 110346 | 2.8 | 103368 | 2.6 | CR | 2020 |
IT | 105652 | 2.8 | 130528 | 3.5 | 80776 | 2.1 | OT | 2021 |
CZ | 40500 | 6.1 | 41200 | 6.2 | 39900 | 6 | TM | 2021 |
FI | 25000 | 7.4 | OT | 2017 | ||||
PT | 13162 | 2.1 | 28497 | 4.5 | 6416 | 1 | CR | 2015 |
BG | 9783 | 2.2 | 10386 | 2.4 | 9183 | 2.1 | OT | 2020 |
LT | 8868 | 4.6 | 9364 | 4.9 | 8371 | 4.4 | MIM | 2016 |
EE | 8606 | 10 | 9658 | 11.2 | 7736 | 9 | CR | 2015 |
ES | 8582 | 0.3 | 12386 | 0.4 | 4778 | 0.1 | OT | 2020 |
NO | 7878 | 2.2 | 8574 | 2.4 | 6719 | 1.9 | MM | 2021 |
LV | 7715 | 6.1 | 8678 | 6.8 | 6751 | 5.3 | TM | 2016 |
BE | 7018 | 0.8 | 9527 | 1 | 4794 | 0.5 | CR | 2019 |
HU | 6707 | 1 | CM | 2015 | ||||
HR | 6344 | 2.2 | 8255 | 2.9 | 5147 | 1.8 | MM | 2015 |
EL | 2462 | 0.4 | 3471 | 0.5 | 1841 | 0.3 | CR | 2021 |
NL | 840 | 0.1 | 960 | 0.1 | 780 | 0.1 | OT | 2015 |
LU | 822 | 1.9 | CM | 2019 | ||||
CY | 627 | 1 | 926 | 1.5 | 448 | 0.8 | TP | 2021 |
Method of estimation
TM: treatment multiplier; CR: capture-recapture; TP: truncated Poisson; CM: combined methods; HM: HIV multiplier; MM: mortality multiplier; MIM: multivariate indicator method; OT: other
Country | Geographical coverage | Location | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgium | Subnational | Brussels | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2019 | 168 | 41 |
Bulgaria | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2016 | 359 | 68.5 |
Croatia | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2022 | 517 | 56.9 |
Cyprus | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | Low | 2018 | 80 | 61.3 |
Estonia | Subnational | Tallin | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 112 | 89.3 |
Estonia | Subnational | Narva | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2018 | 350 | 79.7 |
Finland | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2014 | 589 | 74 |
Finland | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Low | 2019 | 203 | 70.4 |
Germany | Subnational | Berlin | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 143 | 76.2 |
Germany | Subnational | Bavaria | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2022 | 448 | 72.8 |
Hungary | Subnational | Budapest | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2018 | 218 | 42.7 |
Hungary | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2018 | 221 | 44.3 |
Hungary | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2018 | 439 | 43.5 |
Hungary | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2019 | 102 | 48 |
Latvia | National | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 386 | 85.2 |
Lithuania | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2014 | 200 | 77 |
Lithuania | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2018 | 369 | 85.9 |
Norway | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2018 | 5929 | 38.8 |
Norway | Subnational | Oslo | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 256 | 73 |
Romania | Subnational | Bucharest | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 444 | 79.3 |
Slovakia | Subnational | Bratislava | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 73 | 47.9 |
Türkiye | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2018 | 2409 | 49.2 |
Türkiye | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2021 | 1465 | 43.8 |
The level of evidence is assessed separately for seroprevalence studies (SP) and routine diagnostic tests (DT), based on the case definition for people who inject drugs, sample size, type of settings, number of sites, type of biological sample. SP are also assessed for sampling method; and DT for timeliness, periodicity and geographical coverage.
Average of available studies (63.30 per 1000 people)
Country | Geographical coverage | Location | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Subnational | Vienna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 202 | 79.2 |
Austria | Subnational | Vienna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 202 | 39.1 |
Bulgaria | Subnational | Sofia | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 302 | 79.8 |
Cyprus | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 72 | 48.6 |
Czechia | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 2483 | 29.3 |
Greece | Subnational | Attica | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 243 | 64.6 |
Greece | Subnational | Multi-region | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 221 | 62.9 |
Greece | Subnational | Thessaloniki | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 106 | 60.4 |
Greece | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Moderate | 2021 | 570 | 63.2 |
Italy | Subnational | Umbria | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2013 | 62 | 71 |
Italy | Subnational | Emilia Romagna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2013 | 1489 | 57.9 |
Italy | Subnational | Lombardia | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2013 | 405 | 54.1 |
Italy | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 7395 | 60.6 |
Latvia | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 299 | 45 |
Malta | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2019 | 121 | 43.8 |
Portugal | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 303 | 83 |
Spain | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2020 | 2587 | 53.6 |
Sweden | Subnational | Stockholm | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2012 | 65 | 95.4 |
The level of evidence is assessed separately for seroprevalence studies (SP) and routine diagnostic tests (DT), based on the case definition for people who inject drugs, sample size, type of settings, number of sites, type of biological sample. SP are also assessed for sampling method; and DT for timeliness, periodicity and geographical coverage.
Average of available studies (60.64 per 1000 people)
Country | Geographical coverage | Location | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Subnational | Vienna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2020 | 202 | 59.4 |
Austria | Subnational | Vienna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 202 | 39.1 |
Belgium | Subnational | Multi-city | Routine diagnostic test | Moderate | 2019 | 211 | 15 |
Germany | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2016 | 2260 | 27.3 |
Germany | Subnational | Berlin | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 144 | 27.8 |
Germany | Subnational | Bavaria | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2022 | 447 | 26.9 |
Greece | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 143 | 55.9 |
Greece | Subnational | Attica | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 87 | 56.3 |
Norway | Subnational | Oslo | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2022 | 247 | 8.9 |
Sweden | Subnational | Stockholm | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2014 | 1386 | 62.1 |
The level of evidence is assessed separately for seroprevalence studies (SP) and routine diagnostic tests (DT), based on the case definition for people who inject drugs, sample size, type of settings, number of sites, type of biological sample. SP are also assessed for sampling method; and DT for timeliness, periodicity and geographical coverage.
Average of available studies (37.87 %)
Country | Geographical coverage | Location | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulgaria | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2016 | 359 | 8.6 |
Cyprus | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | Low | 2018 | 65 | 16.9 |
Estonia | Subnational | Tallin | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 112 | 8 |
Estonia | Subnational | Narva | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2018 | 350 | 5.7 |
Germany | Subnational | Berlin | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 143 | 1.4 |
Germany | Subnational | Bavaria | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2022 | 441 | 1.1 |
Hungary | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2015 | 596 | 2.2 |
Latvia | National | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 386 | 3.6 |
Lithuania | Subnational | Multi-city | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2014 | 200 | 10.5 |
Lithuania | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2018 | 286 | 4.9 |
Norway | Subnational | Oslo | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 212 | 0.5 |
Poland | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 172 | 2.9 |
Poland | Subnational | Warsaw | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 66 | 3 |
Romania | Subnational | Bucharest | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2017 | 444 | 8.7 |
Slovakia | Subnational | Bratislava | Sero-prevalence study | Moderate | 2021 | 54 | 0 |
Türkiye | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2018 | 2409 | 3.5 |
Türkiye | National | National | Sero-prevalence study | High | 2021 | 1465 | 4.4 |
The level of evidence is assessed separately for seroprevalence studies (SP) and routine diagnostic tests (DT), based on the case definition for people who inject drugs, sample size, type of settings, number of sites, type of biological sample. SP are also assessed for sampling method; and DT for timeliness, periodicity and geographical coverage.
Average of available studies (5.20 %)
Country | Geographical coverage | Location | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Subnational | Vienna | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 192 | 3.1 |
Belgium | Subnational | Antwerp | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2014 | 373 | 1.9 |
Bulgaria | Subnational | Sofia | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 259 | 5.8 |
Cyprus | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 71 | 4.2 |
Czechia | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 1141 | 1.2 |
Greece | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Moderate | 2021 | 594 | 1.7 |
Greece | Subnational | Attica | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 262 | 1.1 |
Greece | Subnational | Multi-region | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 228 | 2.2 |
Greece | Subnational | Thessaloniki | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 104 | 1.9 |
Hungary | Subnational | Multi-city | Routine diagnostic test | Moderate | 2013 | 223 | 2.2 |
Latvia | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2019 | 813 | 0 |
Portugal | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2021 | 297 | 6 |
Spain | National | National | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2020 | 1292 | 5.3 |
Sweden | Subnational | Stockholm | Routine diagnostic test | Low | 2014 | 1386 | 2.1 |
The level of evidence is assessed separately for seroprevalence studies (SP) and routine diagnostic tests (DT), based on the case definition for people who inject drugs, sample size, type of settings, number of sites, type of biological sample. SP are also assessed for sampling method; and DT for timeliness, periodicity and geographical coverage.
Average of available studies (2.76 %)
Country | Country code | Policy |
---|---|---|
Austria | AT | Inclusive policy |
Belgium | BE | Inclusive policy |
Bulgaria | BG | No policy |
Croatia | HR | Policy in preparation |
Cyprus | CY | Inclusive policy |
Czechia | CZ | Inclusive policy |
Denmark | DK | Inclusive policy |
Estonia | EE | No policy |
Finland | FI | Inclusive policy |
France | FR | Inclusive policy |
Germany | DE | Inclusive policy |
Greece | EL | Inclusive policy |
Hungary | HU | No policy |
Ireland | IE | Inclusive policy |
Italy | IT | Inclusive policy |
Latvia | LV | Inclusive policy |
Lithuania | LT | No policy |
Luxembourg | LU | Inclusive policy |
Malta | MT | Inclusive policy |
Netherlands | NL | Inclusive policy |
Norway | NO | Inclusive policy |
Poland | PL | Policy in preparation |
Portugal | PT | Inclusive policy |
Romania | RO | Inclusive policy |
Slovakia | SK | No policy |
Slovenia | SI | Inclusive policy |
Spain | ES | Inclusive policy |
Sweden | SE | Inclusive policy |
Türkiye | TR | Missing |
Country | Proportion in opioid agonist treatment | Syringes per person who injects drugs | Number people who inject drugs |
---|---|---|---|
Croatia | 0.5 | 43 | 6344 |
Cyprus | 0.17 | 8 | 627 |
Czechia | 0.59 | 232 | 40500 |
Finland | 0.18 | 264 | 25000 |
France | 0.78 | 118 | 106857 |
Greece | 0.85 | 234 | 2462 |
Italy | 0.27 | 5 | 105652 |
Latvia | 0.1 | 145 | 7715 |
Lithuania | 0.15 | 30 | 8868 |
Luxembourg | 0.86 | 523 | 822 |
Norway | 0.86 | 482 | 7878 |
Portugal | 0.64 | 86 | 13162 |
Spain | 0.9 | 181 | 8582 |
Belgium | 0.72 | 172 | 7018 |
The coverage is based on the latest national estimates of injecting drug use and high-risk opioid use matched by harm reduction activity data (within a maximum of 2 years). The estimate of coverage of opioid agonist treatment for Belgium is derived from a subnational study conducted in 2019.
WHO 2020 target for needles and syringe distribution per person who injects drugs = 200
WHO 2020 the proportion of high-risk opioid users receiving opioid agonist treatment = 0.4
Country | OAT, year of estimate | Total number of OAT clients | High-risk opioid use, year of estimate | Number high-risk opioid users | Proportion in OAT, lower estimate | Proportion in OAT, central estimate | Proportion in OAT, upper estimate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | 2021 | 20138 | 2021 | 39029 | 0.5 | 0.52 | 0.54 |
Belgium | 2021 | 15426 | 2019 | 0.72 | |||
Croatia | 2021 | 4480 | 2015 | 8874 | 0.39 | 0.5 | 0.62 |
Cyprus | 2020 | 208 | 2021 | 1258 | 0.1 | 0.17 | 0.25 |
Czechia | 2021 | 6000 | 2021 | 10200 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.61 |
Denmark | 2021 | 5533 | 2016 | 20412 | 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
Finland | 2019 | 4729 | 2017 | 26200 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.2 |
France | 2018 | 177100 | 2020 | 226057 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.8 |
Germany | 2021 | 81300 | 2016 | 166294 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.49 |
Greece | 2021 | 9039 | 2021 | 10593 | 0.56 | 0.85 | 1 |
Ireland | 2019 | 10580 | 2019 | 19875 | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.54 |
Italy | 2018 | 75711 | 2021 | 279503 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.33 |
Latvia | 2021 | 685 | 2017 | 7100 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.12 |
Lithuania | 2021 | 1098 | 2016 | 7503 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.21 |
Luxembourg | 2021 | 1231 | 2019 | 1427 | 0.86 | ||
Malta | 2021 | 796 | 2020 | 896 | 0.77 | 0.89 | 0.95 |
Norway | 2018 | 7762 | 2013 | 9015 | 0.56 | 0.86 | 1 |
Poland | 2019 | 3021 | 2014 | 14664 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.28 |
Portugal | 2021 | 18185 | 2018 | 28287 | 0.42 | 0.64 | 0.98 |
Romania | 2021 | 1769 | 2020 | 17024 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.13 |
Slovakia | 2021 | 590 | 2021 | 2617 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.32 |
Slovenia | 2021 | 3078 | 2021 | 4125 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.8 |
Spain | 2020 | 55058 | 2020 | 61387 | 0.65 | 0.9 | 1 |
WHO 2020 target for the proportion of high-risk opioid users receiving opioid agonist treatment = 0.4
Country | People who inject drugs, year of estimate | Number people who inject drugs | Number of syringes, year of estimate | Total number of syringes distributed | Syringes per person who injects drugs, lower estimate | Syringes per person who injects drugs, central estimate | Syringes per person who injects drugs, upper estimate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgium | 2019 | 7018 | 2021 | 1203860 | 126.36 | 171.54 | 251.12 |
Bulgaria | 2020 | 9783 | 2021 | 534 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
Croatia | 2015 | 6344 | 2021 | 269894 | 32.69 | 42.54 | 52.44 |
Cyprus | 2021 | 627 | 2021 | 5224 | 5.64 | 8.33 | 11.66 |
Czechia | 2021 | 40500 | 2021 | 9381890 | 227.72 | 231.65 | 235.14 |
Estonia | 2015 | 8606 | 2021 | 1634981 | 169.29 | 189.98 | 211.35 |
Finland | 2017 | 25000 | 2020 | 6595051 | 263.8 | ||
France | 2020 | 106857 | 2018 | 12572530 | 113.94 | 117.66 | 121.63 |
Greece | 2021 | 2462 | 2021 | 576494 | 166.09 | 234.16 | 313.14 |
Hungary | 2015 | 6707 | 2021 | 39925 | 5.95 | ||
Italy | 2021 | 105652 | 2017 | 515445 | 3.95 | 4.88 | 6.38 |
Latvia | 2016 | 7715 | 2021 | 1116157 | 128.62 | 144.67 | 165.33 |
Lithuania | 2016 | 8868 | 2021 | 264647 | 28.26 | 29.84 | 31.61 |
Luxembourg | 2019 | 822 | 2021 | 430281 | 523.46 | ||
Norway | 2021 | 7878 | 2021 | 3800000 | 443.2 | 482.36 | 565.56 |
Portugal | 2015 | 13162 | 2021 | 1132770 | 39.75 | 86.06 | 176.55 |
Spain | 2020 | 8582 | 2020 | 1551973 | 125.3 | 180.84 | 324.82 |
WHO 2020 target for needles and syringe distribution per person who injects drugs = 200
Country | Country code | Vaccination | Beneficiaries |
---|---|---|---|
Austria | AT | Available | Offered to at-risk groups |
Belgium | BE | Available | Available on request (opt-in) |
Bulgaria | BG | Not available | Not available to prisoners |
Croatia | HR | Available | Availabile on request (opt-in) |
Cyprus | CY | Available | Availabile on request (opt-in) AND upon request by a physician |
Czechia | CZ | Available | Offered to at-risk groups AND available on request (opt-out) |
Denmark | DK | Available | Availabile on request (opt-in) |
Estonia | EE | Available | Offered to at-risk groups |
Finland | FI | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
France | FR | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Germany | DE | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners (opt-out): 9 (North Rhine-Westphalia; Hesse; Thuringia; Rhineland-Palatinate; Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania; Brandenburg; Saarland; Berlin; Hamburg); Offered to those in high-risk groups: 5 (Lower Saxony; Saxony; Saxony-Anhalt; Baden-Württemberg; Bremen); Available on request (opt-in): 1 (Schleswig-Holstein); Other: 1 (Bavaria – if there is medical indication). |
Greece | EL | Missing | Missing |
Hungary | HU | Available | Available on request for at-risk groups (opt-in) |
Ireland | IE | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Italy | IT | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Latvia | LV | Not available | Not available to prisoners |
Lithuania | LT | Not available | Not available to prisoners |
Luxembourg | LU | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Malta | MT | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Netherlands | NL | Available | Offered to MSM |
Norway | NO | Available | Offered to at-risk groups |
Poland | PL | Available | Upon request by a physician |
Portugal | PT | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Romania | RO | Not available | Not available to prisoners |
Slovakia | SK | Available | Available on request (opt-in) |
Slovenia | SI | Available | Available on request (opt-in) |
Spain | ES | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Sweden | SE | Available | Offered to all eligible prisoners |
Türkiye | TR | Missing | Missing |
Country | Percentage |
---|---|
Austria | 58.2 |
Bulgaria | 73.2 |
Cyprus | 41.4 |
Czechia | 58 |
Denmark | 17.8 |
Estonia | 21.4 |
Finland | 52.6 |
France | 53.1 |
Germany | 36.1 |
Ireland | 48.1 |
Italy | 12.4 |
Latvia | 24.6 |
Luxembourg | 69.2 |
Malta | 9.8 |
Poland | 33.1 |
Portugal | 15.3 |
Romania | 26.8 |
Slovakia | 48.4 |
Slovenia | 35.1 |
Spain | 54.5 |
Sweden | 67.3 |
Country | Country code | Restrictions on DAA |
---|---|---|
Austria | AT | No restriction |
Belgium | BE | No restriction |
Bulgaria | BG | Clinical and financial Restictions |
Croatia | HR | Clinical restrictions |
Cyprus | CY | No restriction |
Czechia | CZ | No restriction |
Denmark | DK | No restriction |
Estonia | EE | Clinical restrictions |
Finland | FI | No restriction |
France | FR | No restriction |
Germany | DE | No restriction |
Greece | EL | No restriction |
Hungary | HU | No restriction |
Ireland | IE | No restriction |
Italy | IT | No restriction |
Latvia | LV | No restriction |
Lithuania | LT | No restriction |
Luxembourg | LU | No restriction |
Malta | MT | No restriction |
Netherlands | NL | No restriction |
Norway | NO | No restriction |
Poland | PL | No restriction |
Portugal | PT | No restriction |
Romania | RO | Clinical and financial Restictions |
Slovakia | SK | Clinical and financial Restictions |
Slovenia | SI | No restriction |
Spain | ES | No restriction |
Sweden | SE | No restriction |
Türkiye | TR | Missing |
Country | Study ID | Geographical coverage | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % | 95% Confidence interval | Study design |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2014 | 318 | 11.9 | 8.3% - 15.5% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2015 | 171 | 14 | 8.8% - 19.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2016 | 298 | 11.7 | 8.1% - 15.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2017 | 294 | 11.6 | 7.9% - 15.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2018 | 218 | 11.9 | 7.6% - 16.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2019 | 231 | 13.4 | 9% - 17.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2020 | 116 | 12.9 | 6.8% - 19% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2021 | 154 | 15.6 | 9.9% - 21.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2014 | 439 | 28 | 23.8% - 32.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2015 | 334 | 28.7 | 23.8% - 33.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2016 | 294 | 29.6 | 24.4% - 34.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2017 | 266 | 34.2 | 28.5% - 39.9% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2018 | 331 | 26.6 | 21.8% - 31.4% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2019 | 250 | 22.4 | 17.2% - 27.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2020 | 166 | 18.1 | 12.2% - 24% | Routine diagnostic test |
Italy | IT0001 | National | 2021 | 158 | 20.9 | 14.6% - 27.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Türkiye | TR0001 | National | 2018 | 798 | 40.9 | 37.5% - 44.3% | Sero-prevalence study |
Türkiye | TR0001 | National | 2017 | 824 | 36.8 | 33.5% - 40.1% | Sero-prevalence study |
Türkiye | TR0001 | National | 2015 | 1173 | 30.1 | 27.5% - 32.7% | Sero-prevalence study |
Türkiye | TR0001 | National | 2014 | 1371 | 36.5 | 34% - 39% | Sero-prevalence study |
Country | Study ID | Geographical coverage | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % | 95% Confidence interval | Study design |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2014 | 88 | 8 | 2.3% - 13.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2015 | 59 | 8.5 | 1.4% - 15.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2016 | 96 | 8.3 | 2.8% - 13.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2017 | 148 | 11.5 | 6.4% - 16.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2018 | 109 | 9.2 | 3.8% - 14.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2019 | 89 | 15.7 | 8.1% - 23.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2020 | 32 | 6.2 | -0.168 | Routine diagnostic test |
Czechia | CZ0007 | National | 2021 | 93 | 7.5 | 2.1% - 12.9% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Multi-region | 2014 | 31 | 38.7 | 21.6% - 55.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Multi-region | 2015 | 41 | 36.6 | 21.9% - 51.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Multi-region | 2016 | 29 | 41.4 | 23.5% - 59.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2014 | 90 | 48.9 | 38.6% - 59.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2015 | 73 | 34.2 | 23.3% - 45.1% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2016 | 65 | 35.4 | 23.8% - 47% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2017 | 51 | 43.1 | 29.5% - 56.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2018 | 48 | 27.1 | 14.5% - 39.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2019 | 45 | 33.3 | 19.5% - 47.1% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2020 | 37 | 29.7 | 15% - 44.4% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | National | 2021 | 74 | 39.2 | 28.1% - 50.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2014 | 26 | 42.3 | 23.3% - 61.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2015 | 48 | 29.2 | 16.3% - 42.1% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2016 | 61 | 27.9 | 16.6% - 39.2% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2017 | 48 | 33.3 | 20% - 46.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2018 | 69 | 29 | 18.3% - 39.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2019 | 87 | 29.9 | 20.3% - 39.5% | Routine diagnostic test |
Spain | ES0001 | National | 2020 | 70 | 30 | 19.3% - 40.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Turkye | TR0001 | National | 2014 | 885 | 21.1 | 18.4% - 23.8% | Sero-prevalence study |
Turkye | TR0001 | National | 2015 | 222 | 24.3 | 18.7% - 29.9% | Sero-prevalence study |
Turkye | TR0001 | National | 2017 | 78 | 29.5 | 19.4% - 39.6% | Sero-prevalence study |
Turkye | TR0001 | National | 2018 | 112 | 29.5 | 21.1% - 37.9% | Sero-prevalence study |
Country | Study ID | Geographical coverage | Year | Number tested | Prevalence % | 95% Confidence interval | Study design |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2015 | 206 | 52.9 | 46.1% - 59.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2016 | 244 | 59.4 | 53.2% - 65.6% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2017 | 315 | 55.6 | 50.1% - 61.1% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2018 | 195 | 54.9 | 47.9% - 61.9% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2019 | 182 | 57.1 | 49.9% - 64.3% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2020 | 246 | 48.8 | 42.6% - 55% | Routine diagnostic test |
Austria | AT0003 | Vienna | 2021 | 202 | 39.1 | 32.4% - 45.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Attica | 2016 | 89 | 50.6 | 40.2% - 61% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Attica | 2017 | 100 | 51 | 41.2% - 60.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Attica | 2019 | 74 | 56.8 | 45.5% - 68.1% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Attica | 2020 | 125 | 48 | 39.2% - 56.8% | Routine diagnostic test |
Greece | GR0014 | Attica | 2021 | 87 | 56.3 | 45.9% - 66.7% | Routine diagnostic test |
Norway | NO0001 | Oslo | 2015 | 214 | 45.8 | 39.1% - 52.5% | Sero-prevalence study |
Norway | NO0001 | Oslo | 2018 | 283 | 26.1 | 21% - 31.2% | Sero-prevalence study |
Norway | NO0001 | Oslo | 2021 | 256 | 14.5 | 10.2% - 18.8% | Sero-prevalence study |
Country | PWID population size | anti-HCV prevalence | HCV RNA prevalence | HBsAg prevalence | Inclusive national policy | Combined OAT/NSP coverage | HBV vaccination in prison | HCV testing coverage | DAA Treatment restriction | Impact - Incidence proxy over time | Impact - Trends in HCV viraemic prevalence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | No recent data | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | On target | No restriction | No data | Below target |
Belgium | Data available | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | No data | No restriction | No data | No data |
Bulgaria | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | No policy | No data | Not available | On target | Clinical and financial restrictions | No data | No data |
Croatia | Data available | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | Policy in preparation | Below target | Available | No data | Clinical restrictions | No data | No data |
Cyprus | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Czechia | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | On target | Available | On target | No restriction | No significant decrease | No data |
Denmark | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Estonia | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | No policy | No data | Available | Below target | Clinical restrictions | No data | No data |
Finland | Data available | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | On target | No restriction | No data | No data |
France | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | On target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Germany | No recent data | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Greece | Data available | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | On target | Missing | No data | No restriction | No significant decrease | Below target |
Hungary | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | No policy | Below target | Available | No data | No restriction | No data | No data |
Ireland | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Italy | Data available | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | Below target | No restriction | No significant decrease | No data |
Latvia | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | Below target | Not available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Lithuania | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | No policy | Below target | Not available | No data | No restriction | No data | No data |
Luxembourg | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | On target | Available | On target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Malta | No recent data | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Netherlands | Data available | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | No data | No restriction | No data | No data |
Norway | Data available | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | On target | Available | No data | No restriction | No data | Below target |
Poland | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Data available | Policy in preparation | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Portugal | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Romania | No recent data | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | No data | Not available | Below target | Clinical and financial restrictions | No data | No data |
Slovakia | No recent data | Data available | No recent data | Data available | No policy | No data | Available | Below target | Clinical and financial restrictions | No data | No data |
Slovenia | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | Below target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Spain | Data available | Data available | No recent data | Data available | Inclusive policy | Below target | Available | On target | No restriction | No significant decrease | No data |
Sweden | No recent data | Data available | Data available | Data available | Inclusive policy | No data | Available | On target | No restriction | No data | No data |
Türkiye | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | No recent data | No data | No data | No data | No data | No data | No significant decrease | No data |
On target (out of 29) | 18 | 20 | 6 | 18 | 21 | 4 | 23 | 8 | 22 | 0 | 0 |